What is the significance of "source data" in ICH E6?

Source data holds significant importance within the context of ICH E6 guidelines, as it is defined as the original records and documents that are generated during a clinical trial. This includes data that serve as the basis for clinical findings and ultimately informs the integrity and reliability of the trial results. Source data is critical for verifying trial findings because it provides a reliable audit trail, allowing for the validation of information recorded in case report forms and clinical study reports.

Reliable source data supports transparency and accountability in the research process and ensures that clinical trial results can be replicated and scrutinized by regulatory bodies, researchers, and other stakeholders. This reinforces the necessity of high-quality data documentation and management as outlined in ICH E6.

While the other options address different aspects of clinical trials, they do not capture the essence of source data as it pertains to the validation and verification of trial findings. For example, summarizing participant demographics is an endpoint that relies on source data rather than defining it. Final results of a clinical trial are derived from analyses of the data collected, not from the original records themselves. Promotional materials post-trial are more aligned with the dissemination of results and outcomes rather than the verification process of the source data.